ืื•ืฆืจื•ืช ืฉืฆืจื™ืš ืœื’ืœื•ืช ื•ืคืขื™ืœื•ื™ื•ืช ืฉืืกื•ืจ ืœืคืกืคืก ื‘ืžadeira

ื‘ื™ืŸ ืคืกื’ื•ืช ื—ื“ื•ืช ื•ืื•ืงื™ื™ื ื•ืก ืื–ื•ืจื™, ืžื“ื™ืจื” ืžืคืจืกืช ืืช ื“ืจื›ื™ื” ื”ืžืชืคืชืœื•ืช ื•ืฉื‘ื™ืœื™ื” ื”ืžืงืจื‘ื™ื ืœืขื ื ื™ื. ืื ื—ื ื• ืœื•ืขืกื™ื ื‘ื•ืœื• ื“ื• ืงืงื• ืžืจื•ื—, ื™ื•ืจื“ื™ื ื‘ื”ืจื™ื ื‘ืขื’ืœืช ืจืชืžื•ืช, ื•ืื– ืžืฉื™ื›ื™ื ืขื ืœื•ื•ืื“ื•ืช ืœืคื™ืงื• ืจื•ืื™ื‘ื•, ืžืงืฆื” ืกืื• ืœื•ืจื ืฆื• ืขื“ ืœื‘ืจื™ื›ื•ืช ื˜ื‘ืขื™ื•ืช ื‘ืคื•ืจื˜ื• ืžื•ื ื™ื–, ืชื•ืš ื›ื“ื™ ืžืขื‘ืจ ื‘ืžื™ืจืื“ื•ืจื•ืก ื•ื‘ื‘ืชื™ื ืฉืœ ืกื ื˜ื ื”. ืฉื•ืงื™ื, ืžืกื™ื‘ื•ืช ื•ื ื•ืคื™ื: ืื•ืฆืจื•ืช ื•ืคืขื™ืœื•ื™ื•ืช ื—ื•ื‘ื” ืžื—ื›ื•ืช ืจืง ืœืฆืขื“ ื ื—ืจืฅ ื‘ืคื•ื ืฉืืœ.

ื‘ื™ืŸ ื’ื’ื•ืช ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื™ื ื•ื’ืื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืื•ืงื™ื™ื ื•ืก, ืžื“ื™ืจื” ืžืฆื™ืขื” ืชืคืื•ืจื” ืฉืœ ื”ืจืคืชืงืื•ืช: ื˜ื™ื•ืœื™ื ืœืื•ืจืš ืœื•ื•ืื“ื•ืช, ื˜ื™ืคื•ืกื™ื ืืœ ืคื™ืงื• ื“ื• ืืจื™ื™ืจื• ื•ืคื™ืงื• ืจื•ืื™ื‘ื•, ืฉื‘ื™ืœื™ื ื’ืขืฉื™ื™ื ื‘ืกืื• ืœื•ืจื ืฆื•, ืžืจืคืกื•ืช ืžืชื”ื“ืจื•ืช, ื‘ืจื™ื›ื•ืช ื˜ื‘ืขื™ื•ืช ื‘ืคื•ืจื˜ื• ืžื•ื ื™ื–, ื›ืคืจื™ื ืžืกื•ืจืชื™ื™ื ื›ืžื• ืกื ื˜ื ื”, ื—ื’ื™ื’ื•ืช ืฆื‘ืขื•ื ื™ื•ืช ื•ื˜ืขื™ืžื•ืช ื’ื•ืจืžื” ื‘ืคื•ื ืฉืืœ. ื”ืžื“ืจื™ืš ื”ื–ื” ืื•ืกืฃ ืืช ื”ืื•ืฆืจื•ืช ืฉืฆืจื™ืš ืœืจืื•ืช ื•ืืช ื”ืคืขื™ืœื•ื™ื•ืช ืฉืืกื•ืจ ืœืคืกืคืก, ืขื ืจืขื™ื•ื ื•ืช ืœืจื—ืฆื”, ื˜ื™ื•ืœื™ื ืจื’ืœื™ื™ื, ืžืกืœื•ืœื™ ืจื›ื‘, ืคืกื˜ื™ื‘ืœื™ื ื•ื›ืชื•ื‘ื•ืช ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉื™ื•ืช ื›ื“ื™ ืœื ืœืคืกืคืก ื›ืœื•ื ืžื”โ€œื’ืŸ ืฉืœ ื”ืื•ืงื™ื™ื ื•ืกโ€.

ืœื—ืงื•ืจ ืืช ืคื•ื ืฉืืœ, ื‘ื™ืจืช ืืœืฃ ื”ื˜ืขืžื™ื

ื”ืชื—ื™ืœื• ื‘ืคื•ื ืฉืืœ ื‘ืฉื•ืง ืœืื‘ืจื“ื•ืจืฉ, ืฉื‘ื• ื“ื•ื›ื ื™ื ืฉืœ ืื ื•ื ื” ื•ืคื™ืจื•ืช ืคืกื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ืฆื“ ืืกืคื“ื” ืฉื—ื•ืจื” ืžื‘ืจื™ืงื” ืขืœ ื”ืงืจื—. ื‘ื›ืžื” ื“ืงื•ืช ืฉืœ ืจื›ื‘ืœ, ื’ืฉื• ืœืฉื›ื•ื ืช ืžื•ื ื˜ื” ื•ื›ื ืกื™ื™ืชื” ื”ื‘ืœืชื™ ื›ืชื•ื‘ืช. ื”ื™ืจื™ื“ื”? ื‘ืขื’ืœืช ืจืชืžื•ืช ืฉื ื•ื”ื’ืช ืฉื ื™ ืงืจื™ื™ืจื•ืก ืขื ื›ื•ื‘ืข ืงืฉ:ๆป‘ (ืงืจื— ื‘ืงืฆื”) ืœืขืฆื•ืจ ื‘ื˜ื™ื•ืœื™ื, ื•ืœืงื ื— ื‘ืžืจืคืกืช ืขื ืžื“ื™ืจื” ื™ื‘ืฉื” ืื• ืคื•ื ืฆ'ื”, ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ืฉื”ืฉืžืฉ ืžื“ืœื™ืงื” ืืช ื”ื’ื’ื•ืช.

ืœื˜ื™ื™ืœ ืœืื•ืจืš ื”ืžื™ื ืขืœ ื”ืœื•ื•ืื“ื” ื“ืก 25 ืคื•ื เคŸืก

ืžืขืจื‘ืืงืืœ, ื”ืœื•ื•ืื“ื” ื“ืก 25 ืคื•ื ื˜ืก ืžื—ืœื™ืงื” ืžืชื—ืช ืœืื•ืจื ื™ื ื•ืขืœื™ื ืจื›ื™ื, ืžืขื‘ื™ืจื” ื“ืจืš ืžื ื”ืจื” ื™ืฉื ื” ื•ืคื•ืชื—ืช ืืช ื”ืขืžืง ืฉืœ ืจื™ื‘ื™ื™ืจื” ื“ื” ื’'ื ืœื”. ื‘ืกื•ืฃ ื”ืฉื‘ื™ืœ, ื—ื•ืžื” ืžื ืงื•ื“ืช ื”ืฉืงืคื” ืคื ื™ืžื™ืช, ืฉื‘ื” ื’ืœื™ ืžื™ื ืžืชืžื–ื’ื™ื ื•ืœื”ืฆื“ื™ืง ืืช ื”ืžืืžืฅ: ืžื•ื–ื™ืงื” ืžืจื’ื™ืขื”, ื˜ืœ ืงืœ, ื—ื™ื•ืš ืžื•ื‘ื˜ื—. ืฆืื• ืžื•ืงื“ื ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื™ืžื ืข ืžื”ืขื•ืžืก, ื•ื”ืชื›ื•ื ื ื• ืขื ืžืขื™ืœ: ื”ืขื ื ื™ื ืื•ื”ื‘ื™ื ืœืฉื—ืง ื‘ืžื—ื‘ื•ืื™ื. ืœืคื ื™ ืฉืืชื ืžืชื›ื ื ื™ื ืืช ื”ื”ืœื™ื›ื•ืช ืฉืœื›ื, ื‘ื“ืงื• ืืช ื”ืžื–ื’ ื”ืื•ื•ื™ืจ: ื”ืžื—ื™ืจื™ื ืฉืœ ื›ืžื” ื”ืœื™ื›ื•ืช ืขืฉื•ื™ื™ื ืœื”ืฉืชื ื•ืช. ืœืจืขื™ื•ื ื•ืช ื ื•ืกืคื™ื, ื’ื ื”ืขื™ืคื• ืžื‘ื˜ ืขืœ ื”ืคืขื™ืœื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ื—ื™ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืžื“ื™ืจื”.

ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉืžื™ื ื•ื’ืขืฉ: ืžืคื™ืงื• ื“ื• ืืจื™ื™ืจื• ืœืคื™ืงื• ืจื•ืื™ื‘ื•

ื”ื“ืจืš ืžื˜ืคืกืช ื‘ืขื™ืงื•ืœื™ื ื—ื“ื™ื ืขื“ ืคื™ืงื• ื“ื• ืืจื™ื™ืจื• (1818 ืž'), ืฉื‘ื” ื”ืจื•ื— ืจื•ืฉืžืช ื›ื‘ืจ ืืช ืžื ื’ื™ื ืช ื”ืคืกื’ื•ืช. ื”ืฉื‘ื™ืœ ืžืชืคืชืœ ืขืœ ืžื“ืจื’ื•ืช ื”ื—ืฆื•ื‘ื•ืช ื‘ืกืœืข, ืขื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ืžื ื”ืจื•ืช ื•ื‘ื–ืžื ื™ื ืžืกื•ื™ืžื™ื ืžื—ืœื™ืฃ ืืช Pico Ruivo (1862 ืž'), ื’ื’ ื”ืื™, ื”ืžื•ื ื— ืžืขืœ ืื•ืงื™ื™ื ื•ืก ืฉืœ ืขืจืคืœ. ื–ื• ื—ื•ื•ื™ื” ืงืกื•ืžื” ื‘ืฉื—ืจ: ืคื ืก, ืžืขื™ืœ ืจื•ื— ื•ืžื™ื ื”ื ื‘ืขืœื™ื›ื ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ื ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ. ืชืœื•ื™ ื‘ืขื•ื ื”, ื”ื—ื•ื ืžื’ื™ืข ืžื”ืจ; ืฆืื• ืœืคื ื™ ื”ื–ืจื™ื—ื” ื•ืฉื™ืžื• ืœื‘ ืœืžื–ื’ ื”ืื•ื•ื™ืจ.

ืœืขืžืง ื”ืžื–ืจื—: ืงืฆื” ืคืจืื™ ืฉืœ ืกืื• ืœื•ืจื ืฆื•

ืขืœ PR8 ืžื”ืžืคืจืฅ ืฉืœ ืื‘ืจื”, ื—ืฆื™ ื”ืื™ ืกืื• ืœื•ืจื ืฆื• ืžืคืจืก ืืช ืฆื•ืงื™ ื”ื‘ื–ืœืช ื”ืžื–ื•ื’ื’ื™ื ื‘ืขื•ืจ ื—ืฆื™ ืฆื‘ืขื™ ืื•ืงืจื” ื•ืžื ื•ืงื‘ื™ื ื‘ื•ืจื™ื“ื™ื ื—ื•ื•ื™ืชื™ื™ื. ื”ืฉื‘ื™ืœ ืžืฉื—ืง ืขืœ ื”ื’ื‘ื•ืœ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉื ื™ ื”ื›ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืื•ืงื™ื™ื ื•ืก, ืฉื—ืคื™ื ืขื•ืžื“ื™ื ื‘ื”ื’ื ื”, ื•ืื ืชืชืžื–ืœ ืžื–ืœื›ื, ืกืœืžื•ืŸ ื ื–ื™ืจื™ ืฉื•ื›ื‘ ืขืœ ื”ืกืœืขื™ื ื‘ืžื˜ื”. ื”ื‘ื™ืื• ืžื™ื ื•ื›ื•ื‘ืข: ื›ืืŸ ืฆืœืœื™ื ื ื“ื™ืจื™ื ื›ืžื• ืงื•ื•ื™ื ื™ืฉืจื™ื.

ื“ืจืš ื”ืžื™ืจืื“ื•ืจื•ืก: ืกื—ืจื•ืจ ืžื•ื‘ื˜ื—

ื‘ืงื‘ื• ื’ื™ืจืื•, ื”ืœื›ื• ืžืขืœ ื”ื—ืฉื›ื” ืขืœ ื’ื” ื ื”ืจ glass ุชุณู„ื•ื™ื•ื ืขื 580 ืž': ื”ื’ืŸ ื‘ื’ื•ืžืœ ื•ืœืคื—ื™ื“ื™ื ืžื™ื ื™ ื ื™ืงื•ื™ ืžืœื”ืงื•ืฆื” ืœืžื˜ื”. ื‘ืื™ืจื” ื“ื• ืกืจืื“ื•, ื”ืžืจืคืกืช (1095 ืž') ืžืชืืจืช ืงื•ืจืกืœ ื“ืก ืคืจื™ื™ืจืก, ืขืžืง ื”ื›ื ืกื™ื•ืช ื›ืžื• ืกื•ื“ ืฉื”ื”ืจื™ื ืฉื•ืคื˜ื™ื. ืžืจื™ื‘ื™ื™ืจื• ืคืจื™ื•, ื˜ื™ื•ืœ ื‘ืืœืงื•ืืก ืžื‘ื™ื ืืชื›ื ืœืžืจืคืกืช ื˜ื‘ืขื™ืช ืžื•ืœ ืคืกื’ื•ืช ืžืจื›ื–ื™ื•ืช, ืฉื‘ื”ืŸ ืคื™ื ืก ืืžื™ืฆื™ื ืžื’ื™ืขื™ื ืœื‘ืงืฉ ืžืขื˜ ืคื™ืจื•ืจื™ื. ืฉืœื•ืฉื” ืขืฆื™ืจื•ืช, ืฉืœื•ืฉื” ืื•ื•ื™ืจื•ืช, ืื•ืชื• โ€œื•ื•ืื•โ€.

ืœืจื—ื•ืฅ ื‘ื‘ืจื™ื›ื•ืช ื˜ื‘ืขื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืคื•ืจื˜ื• ืžื•ื ื™ื–

ื‘ืฆืคื•ืŸ-ืžืขืจื‘ ื”ืงืฆื”, ืคื•ืจื˜ื• ืžื•ื ื™ื– ืžืฆื™ื’ื” ื‘ืจื™ื›ื•ืช ื˜ื‘ืขื™ื•ืช ืฉื”ืื•ืงื™ื™ื ื•ืก ืžืžืœื ื‘ื›ืœ ื’ืœ. ื‘ื™ืŸ ืืœืžื•ื’ื™ ืœื‘ื” ืฉื—ื•ืจื”, ืžื™ื ืฆืœื•ืœื™ื ื•ืกืœืขื™ ืงืคื™ืฆื”, ืื ื—ื ื• ืฉื•ื—ื™ื ืขื ืชื—ื•ืฉื” ืฉืขืคื™ื ื‘ืืงื•ื•ืจื™ื•ื ืขื ืงื™. ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื” ื•ืื•ื›ืœ ื–ืžื™ื ื™ื ื‘ืžืจื—ืง ืฆืขื“ื™ื, ื•ื”ืคื ืกื™ื•ื ืจื™ื ืžื–ืžื™ื ื™ื ืœืคืกื‘ื•ืจื’ ืฆืœื•ื™ ืชื•ืš ื›ื“ื™ ืฆืคื™ื™ื” ื‘ื˜ื‘ืข ืžื—ืœื™ืฃ ืืช ื”ื‘ืจื™ื›ื•ืช. ืœืจืขื™ื•ื ื•ืช ื ื•ืกืคื™ื ืฉืœ ืžื™ื ืฆืœื•ืœื™ื ื•ืื‘ื ื™ ืฆืœ, ื”ื›ื ื™ืกื• ื”ืฉืจืื” ืžื‘ืจื™ื›ื•ืช ื˜ื‘ืขื™ื•ืช ืคื•ืคื•ืœืจื™ื•ืช.

ื—ื•ืคื™ื ื•ืฉืžืฉื™ื•ืช: ื—ื•ืฃ ืฉื—ื•ืจ ื•ืžืขืจื•ืช ื ืกืชืจื•ืช

ื‘ื™ืŸ ื—ืœื•ืงื™ื ืžืœื•ื˜ืฉื™ื, ื—ื•ืคื™ื ืฉื—ื•ืจื™ื ื•ืžืขืจื•ืช ืžื•ื’ื ื•ืช, ื”ืื™ ืžืฆื™ืข ื”ืคืกืงื•ืช ื ื”ื“ืจื•ืช ืฉืœ ื—ื•ืคืฉ. ื—ื•ื‘ื‘ื™ ื—ื•ืคื™ื ืฉืœ ื›ืจื˜ื™ืกื™ ื‘ืจื›ื•ืช ื™ืžืฆืื• ืืช ืื•ืฉืจื ื‘ื—ืงื™ืจืช ื”ื‘ื—ื™ืจื” ื”ื–ื• ื—ื•ืคื™ื ืžื“ื”ื™ืžื™ื ืฉืœ ืžื“ื™ืจื”. ืขืฆื”: ื ืขืœื™ ืžื™ื ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉื™ื•ืช ืขืœ ื—ืœื•ืงื™ื, ืงืจื ืกื•ืœืจื™ ื—ื•ื‘ื” ื›ืœ ื”ืฉื ื”.

ื›ืคืจื™ื ื•ืžืกื•ืจื•ืช: ืกื ื˜ื ื”, ืฉืขืจ ืœืœื•ื•ืจื™ืกื™ืœื‘ื”

ื‘ืฆืคื•ืŸ ืžื–ืจื—, ืกื ื˜ื ื” ืžืฆื™ื’ื” ืืช ืคืœื”ื™ื™ืจื•ืฉ, ื‘ืชื™ื ื˜ืจื™ืื ื’ื•ืœืจื™ื™ื ืžื›ื•ืกื™ ื’ื‘ืขื•ืช, ืฉืžื•ืคื™ืขื™ื ื‘ืื•ืจื— ื—ื™ื™ื ืžืกื•ืจืชื™. ืžืžืฉ ืžืขืœ, ื”ืœื•ื•ืจื™ืกื™ืœื‘ื” ื”ืžืกื•ื ื ืช ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื™ื•ื ืกืง"ื• ืžืืจื™ื›ื” ืืช ื™ืขืจื•ืช ื”ืื•ืจืŸ, ืฉื”ื ืืŸ ํญื™ ืงืกืžื™ื ื•ืžืจื™ื—ื™ื ืื—ืจื™ ื”ื’ืฉื. ื–ื”ื• ืฆืžื“ ืžื•ืฉืœื: ื”ื™ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ื” ื—ื™ื” ื•ื˜ื‘ืข ืคืจื™ืžื™ื˜ื™ื‘ื™, ื›ืœ isso ื‘ืื‘ื™ืขื•ืช ืฉืœ ืคื ื™ื•ืช.

ืœื—ื™ื•ืช ืืช ืžื“ื™ืจื” ื‘ื—ื’ื™ื’ื”: ืคืจื—ื™ื, ื™ื™ืŸ ื•ืžื ื’ืœื™ื

ื‘ืื‘ื™ื‘, ื”ื—ื’ื™ื’ืช ื”ืคืจื—ื™ื ืฉื•ืจืคืช ืืช ืคื•ื ืฉืืœ ื‘ืžื›ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ืคืจื—ื™ื ื•ื›ื•ืจื™ืื•ื’ืจืคื™ื•ืช ืžืžืจื™ืื•ืช. ื‘ื™ื•ื ื™, ื”ืกืื• ื–'ื•ืืŸ ืžื“ืœื™ืงื•ืช ืืช ื”ืืฉ, ื”ืจื™ืงื•ื“ื™ื ื•ื”ืžืฆืขื“ื™ื ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ืื™, ื‘ืขื•ื“ ืฉื‘ืื•ื’ื•ืกื˜, ื”ืคื™ื™ืกื˜ื” ื“ื• ื•ื™ื ื• ืžืฉื—ืจืจืช ื™ื™ืŸ ื—ื“ืฉ. ื‘ืกืชื™ื•, ื ื•ืกืขื™ื ืœืงืจืœ ื“ืก ืคืจื™ื™ืจืก ืœื—ื’ื™ื’ืช ื”ืืงืœื™ืคื˜ื•ืก, ืฉื ืงืœื” ื•ื ื—ืœืงื” ื‘ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช. ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉื ื™ ืฆืขื“ื™ ืจื™ืงื•ื“, ื˜ืขืžื• ืืช ืžืœื• ืคื™ื˜ื• ื•ืชืœืฉื• ืขื ืคื•ื ืฆ'ื” ืœื™ืžื•ื ื™ืช.

ื˜ืขืžื™ื ืœืœืขื•ืก: ืžื”ืืกืจื“ื ืœื“ื™ืœื•ื’

ื‘ืชืคืจื™ื˜, ื”ืืกืคื“ื” ื”ืฉื—ื•ืจื” ืขื ื‘ื ื ื” ืžืคืชื™ืขื” ืชืขื ื•ื’, ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ืื—ืจื™ ืกืœ ืฉืœ ื‘ื•ืœื• ื“ื• ืงืงื• ื—ื ืขื ื—ืžืื” ื‘ืฉื•ื. ื˜ืขืžื• ืžืื›ืœื™ ืœืคืก ืขื ื—ื•ืžืฅ, ืชืงื™ืคื• ืกืคืฆืื“ื” ืขืกื™ืกื™ืช ืขืœ ืฉื™ืคื•ื“ ื“ื•ื ื™ื™ื, ืœืคื ื™ ืฉืชืกื™ื™ืžื• ื‘ื›ื•ืก ื™ื™ืŸ ืžื“ื™ืจื”. ื”ืื™ ืžื“ื‘ืจ ื’ื ื‘ืฉื•ืœื—ืŸ, ืžื”ื™ื ืขื“ ืœ altiplano.

ืžืกืœื•ืœ ื˜ื™ื•ืœ ืžืคื•ืชืœ: ืืžื ื•ืช ื”ืขื™ืงื•ืœ

ื‘ืžื“ื™ืจื”, ืื ื—ื ื• ื ื•ืกืขื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืืฉืจ ื–ื•ืจืžื™ื: ืคื ื™ื™ื”, ืžื ื”ืจื”, ืคื ื™ื™ื”, ื ื•ืฃ, ื•ื—ื•ื–ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื›ืš. ื”ื“ืจื›ื™ื ืžื˜ืคืกื•ืช ืžื”ืฆื•ืงื™ื ืœืคืกื’ื•ืช, ื•ืื– ืžืชืžืœืื•ืช ื‘ืจืžื•ืช ื”ื’ืื•ืช. ืงื—ื• ื”ืคืกืงื•ืช ืœืขื™ืชื™ื ืงืจื•ื‘ื•ืช ืœืžืจืื” ืžื™ืจืื“ื•ืจื•ืก, ืขืœ ืœืžืขืœื” ืงื˜ืŸ ื‘ื’ื•ื‘ื” ื•ืขืœ ืื—ื•ืช ืžื˜ืืœื™ืช ื›ื“ื™ ืœืœื˜ืฉ ืขื ื”ืžื™ืงืจื•-ืžื–ื’ ื”ืื•ื•ื™ืจ. ื›ืืŸ, ื›ืœ ืคื ื™ื™ื” ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœื”ืคื•ืš ืœืชื—ื ื” ื ื•ืกืคืช.

ืขืฆื•ืช ืžืขืฉื™ื•ืช ื›ื“ื™ ืœื ืœืคืกืคืก ื›ืœื•ื

ืงื•ื ืข ะธะฝั‚ะธะผะธ ฺฟื•ื•ืจืช ื”ื™ื™ืŸ ืœื—ื•ืฉื™ื ืžืื•ื“ ื—ื“ืฉื™ื, ืงื—ื• ื•ื•ื™ืกืงื•ืก ื ื—ืฉื•ืœ ืœืื–ื•ืจ ื”ื’ื‘ื•ื” ื•ืžืกืคื™ืง ืžื™ื ืœืกืื• ืœื•ืจื ืกื•. ื‘ื“ืงื• ืืช ืžืฆื‘ ื”ืฉื‘ื™ืœื™ื ื•ืื ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ, ื”ื–ืžื™ื ื• ื ื”ื’ื™ื ืื• ื”ืกืขื•ืช ืฆื‘ืขื™ื ืœืžืงื•ื ื”ื—ื–ืจื” ืžืคื™ืงื• ืจื•ืื™ื‘ื•. ืœืงืจืืช ื”ืขืœื•ืช,, ืฉืžืจื• ืขืœ ืขื™ืŸ ืขืœ ื”ืชืงื“ืžื•ืช: เธšเธฒเธ‡ืช๋“ค์˜ เค—เคพเคฃะดะฐ. ื•ืื ื”ื”ืœื™ื›ื” ืฉืงื•ืจื™ืช ื”ื™ื ืฉืžื›ื ื”ืฉื ื™, ืืกืคื• ื™ื•ืชืจ ื”ืฉืจืื” ืขื ืื™ื“ืื•ืช ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ื‘ื”ืชืจื‘ื•ืช ื‘ืžื“ื™ืจื”โ€ฆ ืื• ื”ืฉื•ื• ืืช ืฆืขื“ื™ื›ื ืขื ืžื˜ื™ื™ืœื™ื ืžื›ืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื, ื›ืžื• ืืœื• ืžื‘ื•ื’ืกื•ื ื“ืœื ื“ ืงืจื•ื‘ ืœืกื˜ื•ืงื”ื•ืœื: ืื•ืชื ื ืขืœื™ื™ื, ืื•ืคืง ืื—ืจ.

Aventurier Globetrotteur
Aventurier Globetrotteur
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