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IN BRIEF
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Maritime and coastal tourism, often associated with idyllic landscapes and aquatic adventures, also represents a considerable economic sector. However, it faces growing challenges related to the climate crisis, both due to its contribution to greenhouse gas emissions and its vulnerability to the impacts of climate change. It is therefore imperative to rethink and transform this sector so that it becomes not only a vector for sustainable development but also an active force in protecting marine and coastal resources.
The current challenges of maritime and coastal tourism
In 2023, coastal and maritime tourism generated an impressive turnover of $1.5 trillion. This figure highlights its central role in the global economy. However, this sector cannot ignore its share of responsibility in the climate crisis, having accounted for nearly 0.8% of global greenhouse gas emissions, or about 390 million tons of CO2. At the same time, the effects of climate change, such as sea level rise and extreme weather events, directly threaten coastal areas and marine ecosystems.
The consequences of climate change on coastal ecosystems
The coastal regions, particularly small island states, are intensely experiencing the consequences of climate transformations. The experience of small island developing states (SIDS) perfectly illustrates this vulnerability. Indeed, these territories are often exposed to hurricanes and other extreme weather events, thus becoming direct victims of a phenomenon they are unable to reverse. The economic loss caused by these events is considerable, representing a significant portion of the GDP of these regions and leading to forced displacements of populations and endangering local traditions.
Towards a transition to sustainable tourism
In light of these challenges, it is urgent to reconsider the prevailing economic and tourism model. This includes the need to invest in sustainable practices and infrastructures. Within this need for transformation, alarming figures have been put forth: to reduce emissions from this sector, an investment of $30 billion per year would be essential, a figure that rises to $65 billion if efforts to adapt to climate change are included.
Consideration of solutions for coastal tourism
It is clear that a proactive approach must be established. Protecting coastlines and marine life must become imperative, both environmentally and socially. Initiatives such as implementing nature-based solutions to mitigate the effects of climate change should be considered. This could include the restoration of mangroves, which play a crucial role in protecting coastal areas, and adopting practices aimed at minimizing the environmental impact of tourism activities.
A call for collective change
It is clear that the fight against the climate crisis requires the mobilization of a wide range of actors: from governments to businesses, and including the general public. The speeches of sector leaders, such as those from the World Travel & Tourism Council (WTTC), call for coordinated action to achieve real decarbonization and necessary adaptations. These transformations are not only beneficial for the environment; they also represent an opportunity to redefine a tourism model based on sustainability and respect for natural resources.
Ultimately, the maritime and coastal tourism sector stands at a crossroads. To become a positive actor in the face of the climate crisis, it is essential to prioritize innovative, sustainable, and inclusive solutions. The challenges to overcome are significant, but they also offer the opportunity to reconsider our relationship with nature and build a more respectful future for generations to come.
